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Year :2016
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Month :
March-April
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Volume :
5
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Issue :
2
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Page :
19 - 23
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Atypical Brain Calcifications Causing Seizure-Imaging Appearances
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Correspondence Address :
Nellaiappan Chelliah,
Dr. Nellaiappan Chelliah,
Associate Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis,
Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital, Tamil Nadu-627011, India.
E-mail: cnellaiappan@yahoo.co.in
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Introduction: Introduction: Brain calcification causing seizure disorder is a common clinical condition. Calcification may be single or multiple. Seizure cases with calcifications reported in our institute are analysed in this article. There is diagnostic challenge if calcifications are multiple or in atypical locations. The Imaging appearances of calcification in CT, MRI help a lot to arrive at definitive diagnosis.
Aim: To analyse the imaging appearances of brain calcifications causing seizure and to find out the commonest etiology and age group most commonal affected.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study of six months period from June 2015 to November 2015. The study was done in the Radiodiagnosis Department of Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital. In our institute, 3600 cases of CT brain have been taken in above period for various conditions. In which seizure patients with pathological calcifications who also underwent MRI brain were selected for the study i.e. sample selection. Total 78 patients were selected for analysis. The findings were analyzed and hereby are presented.
Results: Most of pathological calcifications belong to age group 21-40. Tuberculomas and tumors account for about 50% of cases. Both genders are equally affected. In MRI, T2*GRE sequence plays major role in identifying areas of calcification. Rare cases like unilateral hemispheric multiple cavernous angiomas, hypoparathyroidism and hemophilia sequlae are noted in this study.
Conclusion: The location of calcifications, extent, perilesional changes in the scans help to narrow down the differential diagnosis. MRI confirms the cavernous malformations. CT-scan is helpful for detecting calcifications. MRI is useful for diagnosing pericalcific parenchymal changes. Metabolic disorders should be ruled out if there is extensive bilateral cerebral and cerebellar calcification. Clinical history is very important for imaging interpretation as evident by the hemophiliac case.
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