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Establishing MRI-based Normative Acromiohumeral Distance and its Demographic Associations: A Cross-sectional Study from Puducherry, India |
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R Prasanna, R Mithunraj, Palle Manjunatha Reddy 1. Junior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, India. 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, India. 3. Senior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India. |
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Correspondence Address : R Mithunraj, AniNavi Illam, 1st Main Road, Siva Nagar, Puducherry-605001, India. E-mail: dr.muthu1211@gmail.com |
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| ABSTRACT |  | ||||||
: Introduction: Acromiohumeral Distance (AHD) is a crucial imaging parameter that reflects the width of the subacromial space. Narrowing of the AHD is associated with shoulder impingement and rotator cuff pathology. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers multiplanar imaging with high soft tissue resolution, but normative MRI-based AHD data in asymptomatic shoulders are limited. Aim: To determine MRI-based AHD in patients with normal supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons, and to compare values across gender and side in Puducherry, India. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry, India, from February 2020 and March 2024, comprising 64 retrospective and 30 prospective cases, totalling 94 participants. The MRI shoulder scans of 94 participants aged 18-60 years with no shoulder pathology were analysed. AHD was measured in coronal and sagittal planes as: (a) humeral cortex to acromion; and (b) humeral cartilage to acromion. Mean values and standard deviations were calculated. An Independent t-test was used to assess differences by gender and side. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Participants included 55 males (58.5%) and 39 females (41.5%); 45 left shoulders and 49 right shoulders were assessed. Mean AHD (cortex) in the coronal plane was 7.71±1.18 mm, and sagittal was 8.45±1.47 mm. Mean AHD (cartilage) in the coronal plane was 7.60±1.45 mm and in the sagittal plane was 8.05±1.39 mm. No statistically significant differences were found between genders or sides (p-value >0.05). Conclusion: The MRI-based normative AHD values are provided for intact supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons. These reference values can aid in accurate assessment of subacromial pathologies and planning of surgical or conservative management. | |||||||
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| Keywords : Magnetic resonance imaging, Reference values, Rotator cuff injuries, Shoulder joint anatomy | |||||||
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DOI and Others :
DOI: 10.7860/IJARS/2026/85073.3079
Date of Submission: Oct 25, 2025 Date of Peer Review: Nov 15, 2025 Date of Acceptance: Dec 08, 2025 Date of Publishing: Jan 01, 2026 AUTHOR DECLARATION: • Financial or Other Competing Interests: None • Was Ethics Committee Approval obtained for this study? Yes • Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes • For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS: • Plagiarism X-checker: Nov 02, 2025 • Manual Googling: Nov 28, 2025 • iThenticate Software: Dec 06, 2025 (9%) ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin EMENDATIONS: 6 |
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